STM32 and APM32 Firmware Update Tutorial

Important Notes

• This tutorial only applies to FLY series products. It is incompatible with other brands or models. Do not attempt.
• This tutorial is for updating firmware by entering bootloader mode.
• This tutorial only applies to FLY products using APM32 or STM32 series chips.

Download Firmware

You can obtain the firmware via the following links:

• Download Firmware Package - Directly download the latest firmware archive.
• Repository Address - Visit the firmware repository.

Firmware Path Explanation

Folder Name	Description
ExtensionBoard	Firmware for FLY modules and extension boards
Screen	Firmware for FLY screens
MainBoard	Firmware for FLY mainboards
ToolBoard	Firmware for FLY toolboards

Enter Bootloader Mode

1. Prepare a Type-C data cable that supports data transfer.
2. Ensure the device is completely powered off and not connected to any other devices.
3. While the device is powered off, first insert the Type-C data cable into the device.
4. Press and hold the device's BOOT button, then connect the other end of the cable to your computer. Release the BOOT button after the computer recognizes the device.

Flash Firmware

• STM32 Windows Flashing Tutorial
• APM32 Windows Flashing Tutorial

Important Notice

To ensure successful STM32 flashing, please pay attention to the following:

• Some computer USB ports may have driver or signal compatibility issues, leading to unstable flashing. It is recommended that you try connecting to a different USB port.
• If changing ports does not work, an effective solution is to connect via an external USB hub, which often improves compatibility.
• When the flashing software reports the error message shown below, also try using a hub first. If the problem persists, please check or use the host computer software for flashing.
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1. Flashing Tool Download Link
2. Download SetupSTM32CubeProgrammer and the STM32 DFU Driver.
3. Download the firmware to any directory on your computer.
4. Connect the mainboard to the computer using a Type-C cable. Ensure it has entered DFU flashing mode.
5. In STM32CubeProgrammer, select USB mode, refresh, and connect.
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6. If no error pop-up appears, the connection is successful.
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7. Click the download icon on the left and select the options shown below.
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8. Click the Browse button indicated by the arrow, then select the firmware you need to flash.
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9. For Start address, enter 0x08000000.
   • Note: If the firmware is in HEX format, please skip this step!!
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10. Click Start automatic mode below to begin flashing the firmware.
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11. The prompt below indicates that the firmware flashing is complete.
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1. Flashing Tool Download Link
2. Download DFUProgrammer
3. Copy the previously compiled firmware (klipper.bin) or the pre-compiled Katapult firmware to any directory on your computer
4. Connect the mainboard to the computer using a Type-C cable, ensuring it is in DFU flashing mode
5. Open DFUProgrammer and follow the selections below
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6. Click "Start Updating Firmware" and wait briefly. Once flashing is complete, you can disconnect the Type-C cable and remove the jumper cap

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What should I do if the computer cannot recognize the device?
A: Please troubleshoot following these steps:

• Confirm the data cable supports data transfer (charging cables cannot be used).
• Check if the device has entered bootloader mode (hold BOOT while inserting USB).
• Try a different USB port on the computer, it is recommended to use a USB 2.0 port. If issues occur with a USB 3.0 port, try a USB 2.0 port or connect via a USB hub.
• Check if the corresponding USB driver for the chip is installed on the computer (e.g., DFU driver for STM32, virtual COM port driver for APM32, etc.).

Q: What should I do if the flashing process fails or gets stuck?
A: You can try the following methods:

• Re-enter bootloader mode and attempt flashing again.
• Change the USB port (recommend USB 2.0) or use a hub.
• Close other software that may be occupying USB resources.
• Confirm the selected firmware matches the device model (e.g., mainboard, screen, toolboard, etc.).

Q: The device fails to start after flashing?
A: Possible causes and solutions:

• After flashing is complete, please completely power off the device (disconnect the power), then power it on again to ensure the firmware boots normally.
• Firmware version mismatch: Re-download the correct firmware for your model and flash again.
• Flashing incomplete: Re-enter bootloader mode and flash again.
• Hardware issue: Check if the power connection is normal, or contact technical support.