STM32 and APM32 Firmware Update Tutorial

Important Notice

• This tutorial only applies to FLY series products. Devices of other brands or models are not compatible. Do not attempt.
• This tutorial covers firmware updates by entering flash mode.
• This tutorial only applies to FLY products using APM32 and STM32 series chips.

Download Firmware

You can obtain the firmware via the following link:

• Download Firmware Package - Download the latest firmware archive directly

Please Note

The downloaded archive must be extracted before use.

• Repository Address - Visit the firmware repository

Firmware Path Description

Folder Name	Description
ExtensionBoard	Firmware for FLY modules and expansion boards
Screen	Firmware for FLY screens
MainBoard	Firmware for FLY motherboards
ToolBoard	Firmware for FLY tool boards

Entering Flash Mode

1. Prepare a Type-C cable that supports data transfer.
2. Ensure the device is completely powered off and not connected to any other devices.
3. While the device is powered off, first connect the Type-C cable to the device.
4. Press and hold the device's BOOT button, then connect the other end of the cable to your computer. Once the computer recognizes the device, release the BOOT button.

Important Notes

1. USB Port Compatibility: Some devices may not be recognized correctly on USB 3.0 ports. It is recommended to use a USB 2.0 port for flashing.

2. Flashing Failure Troubleshooting Steps: If flashing still fails on a USB 2.0 port, try the following:

   • Disconnect all non-essential external devices (e.g., drivers, endstops);
   • Completely power off your computer (unplug the power cable), wait a few seconds, and restart;
   • Use an external USB hub or try a different USB port.

Flashing Firmware

• Flashing with Windows Tutorial
• Flashing with Linux Tutorial

• STM32 Flashing with Windows Tutorial
• APM32 Flashing with Windows Tutorial

Notice

To ensure successful STM32 flashing, please note the following:

• The USB port on some computers may cause unstable flashing due to driver or signal compatibility issues. It is recommended to try a different USB port for connection.
• If changing ports does not work, an effective solution is to connect via an external USB hub, which often improves compatibility.
• When the flashing software reports the error shown below, please also prioritize trying a USB hub. If the issue persists, check or use the host computer for flashing.
  Loading...

1. Flashing tool Download Link
2. You need to download SetupSTM32CubeProgrammer and STM32 DFU Driver
3. Download the firmware to any directory on your computer
4. Connect the motherboard to the computer using a Type-C cable, ensuring it has entered dfu flashing mode
5. In STM32CubeProgrammer, select USB mode, refresh, and connect
   Loading...
6. If no error popup appears, the connection is successful.
   Loading...
7. Click the download icon on the left and check the following options
   Loading...
8. Click Browse as indicated by the arrow, then select the firmware you need to flash
   Loading...
9. Set Start address to 0x08000000
   • Note: If the firmware is in HEX format, please skip this step!!
   Loading...
10. Click Start automatic mode below to begin flashing the firmware
    Loading...
11. The following prompt indicates that the firmware flashing is complete
    Loading...

1. Download the flashing tool: Download Link
2. Install the DFU driver: Download and extract DFUProgrammer. The package includes the DFU driver for APM32. Please install this driver manually.
3. Prepare the firmware: Copy the previously compiled firmware file to any directory on your computer (e.g., the desktop) for easy selection later.
4. Enter DFU mode: Connect the mainboard to the computer using a Type-C cable. Ensure the mainboard is in DFU flashing mode (usually set via a jumper cap; for specific methods, refer to the mainboard's DFU entry instructions).
5. Run the flashing tool: Open DFUProgrammer and select and configure as shown in the images below:
   Loading...
   Loading...
6. Start flashing: Click the "Start Updating Firmware" button and wait for the progress bar to complete. Once the flashing is successful, you can disconnect the Type-C cable and remove the jumper cap.

• STM32 Flashing with Linux Tutorial
• APM32 Flashing with Linux Tutorial

1. Install the Flashing Tool

   • No need to install a flashing tool for FLY host machines.
   • If installation is needed, note: The host machine must have internet access for a successful installation.
   • Skip this step if it has already been installed.

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt install dfu-util -y

2. Execute the command below to check if the connection is successful.

   lsusb

   • If no DFU device is found, try re-entering flashing mode.

   • Due to system version differences, it may display a different name. If 0483:df11 appears, it indicates entry into flashing mode.

     Loading...

3. Flash the Firmware

   • Execute the code below to start flashing.

   sudo dfu-util -a 0 -d 0483:df11 --dfuse-address 0x08000000 -D ~/klipper/out/klipper.bin

4. The flashing is successful when the following message appears: File downloaded successfully

   Loading...
   Tip

   After flashing, power off the motherboard completely once.

1. Install flashing tool

   • FLY host machine does not require installing a flashing tool
   • If you need to install it, please note: The host machine must have internet access for proper installation
   • If already installed, no need to install again

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt install dfu-util -y

2. Execute the following command to check if the connection is successful.

   lsusb

   • If there is no DFU device, try re-entering flashing mode

   • Due to system version differences, it may display other names. If 314b:0106 appears, it indicates entry into flashing mode

     Loading...

3. Flash the firmware

   • Execute the following code to start flashing

   sudo dfu-util -a 0 -d 314b:0106 --dfuse-address 0x08000000 -D ~/klipper/out/klipper.bin

4. If the content File downloaded successfully appears as shown below, the flashing is successful

   Loading...
   Tip

   After flashing, the motherboard must be completely powered off once.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: The computer cannot recognize the device. What should I do?
A: Please follow these steps to check:

• Confirm the cable supports data transfer (charging cables will not work).
• Check if the device has entered flash mode (hold BOOT, then connect USB).
• Try a different USB port on your computer. A USB 2.0 port is recommended; if issues occur with a USB 3.0 port, try a USB 2.0 port or connect via a USB hub.
• Check if the corresponding chip driver is installed on your computer (e.g., STM32 DFU driver, APM32 virtual serial port driver).

Q: What if the flashing process fails or gets stuck?
A: Try the following methods:

• Re-enter flash mode and attempt to flash again.
• Switch to a different USB port (USB 2.0 recommended) or use a hub.
• Close other software that may be using USB resources.
• Ensure the selected firmware matches your device model (e.g., motherboard, screen, tool board).

Q: The device won't start after flashing?
A: Possible causes and solutions:

• After flashing is complete, fully power off the device (unplug the power), then power it back on to ensure the firmware starts correctly.
• Firmware version mismatch: Re-download the correct firmware for your model and flash again.
• Incomplete flashing: Re-enter flash mode and flash again.
• Hardware issue: Check the power connection, or contact technical support.